Uses Of Different Types Of Chromatography In Forensic Science

Chromatography in Forensic Science

Forensic science utilizes many chromatographic techniques for different applications and purposes. Some of the applications are given below:

Analysis of Drugs:

Gas chromatography (GC) is a widely used analytical technique that is used for the examination of drugs or substances that are suspected of being illicit.

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is commonly utilized for drug analysis, particularly in cases involving non-volatile or thermally unsteady compounds.

Toxicology:

Gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are often used techniques for the study of pharmaceutical compounds as well as toxic substances in biological matrices.

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Blood Analysis:

Serology and blood typing encompass various methodologies, such as immunochromatography, which are used to ascertain types of blood.

Fire and Arson Investigations:

The analytical technique of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is employed to examine accelerants and volatile chemicals present in fire debris.

Explosives Analysis:

Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) are analytical techniques employed for the identification and characterization of explosive substances.

Ink Analysis:

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) are often used techniques for ink analysis.

Forensic Toxicology of Biological Fluids:

Gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are often utilized techniques for studying pharmaceuticals and toxic substances in post-mortem investigations.

Gunshot residue (GSR) analysis:

The analysis of gunshot residue is commonly conducted using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and gas chromatography techniques.

Fibers and Paint Analysis:

Gas chromatography (GC) is a suitable analytical technique for the examination of volatile chemicals present in paint, while high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) can be utilized for the investigation of non-volatile constituents in paint.

Analysis of Questioned Documents:

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) are two analytical techniques that can be employed for the examination of ink and other substances present in documents that are under scrutiny.

Different types of chromatography are chosen based on the specific requirements of each forensic analysis. Each type offers unique advantages for different types of evidence and substances.

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