The transfer of data over a long distance without the need for wires, cables, or other electrical conductors is referred to as wireless communication. Wireless communication is a wide term that encompasses all procedures and ways of connecting and communicating between two or more devices via wireless communication technologies and devices employing a wireless signal.
Through RF (radio frequency), wireless communication takes place over open space, with one device, the Transmitter, sending a signal to another device, the Receiver. To communicate with each other, two devices (transmitter and receiver) must use the same frequency (or channel). Radiofrequency interference can occur when a large number of wireless devices communicate at the same time.
History
The following sections go through the history of wireless communication.
- The invention of the first telegraph (1600–1833)
- The radio was created as a result of the invention of the telegraph (1867-1896)
- The invention of the radio (1897–898)
- 1901–1909: Transoceanic Communication
- The First Voice-over-Radio and Television Transmissions (1914–1940)
- Commercial Television and the Invention of Mobile Phones (1946–1966)
- Cellular Telephony and the First Steps Toward Wireless Internet (1979–1994)
- The Wireless Data Era (1997–2009) was a period in which data was transmitted wirelessly.
- PCS stands for Personal Computer System (1995-2008)
Types of Wireless Communication
Mobile phone usage has risen in recent years for a variety of reasons, including the internet, talking, multimedia, gaming, photographs, video capture, and so on. All of these services are mobile-friendly. We can communicate data, audio, photos, movies, and much more using wireless communication services.
A cellular telephone, radio paging, television, video conferencing, and other services are supplied by the wireless communication system. Depending on the application, different communication services are used, and different wireless communications systems are established. Simplex, Half Duplex, and Full Duplex are the three types of wireless communication systems.
One-way communication is the basic wireless communication system. Communication in this category can only be done in one direction. The radio broadcast system is the best example. The half-duplex communication method allows for two-way communication, but not at the same time. The walkie-talkie is the best illustration of this sort of communication.
Satellite Communication
Satellite communication is a self-contained wireless communication technology that is widely used around the world to allow users to stay connected from practically anywhere on the planet. When a signal (a beam of modulated microwave) is sent near a satellite, the satellite amplifies the signal and sends it back to the antenna receiver on the earth’s surface. The space segment and the ground segment are the two basic components of satellite communication. The ground section includes permanent or mobile transmission, reception, and supporting equipment, whereas the space segment mostly consists of the satellite itself.
Infrared Communication
Wireless infrared communication IR radiation is used to transfer information within a device or system. IR refers to electromagnetic energy with a wavelength longer than red light. It’s used for security, TV remote control, and short-range communications, among other things. IR radiation is found between microwaves and visible light on the electromagnetic spectrum. As a result, they can be employed as a communication tool.
Broadcast Radio
Open radio communication was the first wireless communication technology to gain widespread adoption, and it still serves a purpose today. Multichannel radios are portable and allow users to communicate over short distances, whereas citizen’s bands and maritime radios provide communication for sailors. With their powerful broadcasting gear, ham radio enthusiasts share data and operate emergency communication aids during disasters, and can even convey digital information over the radio frequency spectrum.
Microwave Communication
Microwave wireless communication is a very effective mode of communication that primarily employs radio waves with wavelengths measured in centimeters. Data or information can be transferred utilizing two approaches in this communication. The satellite method and the terrestrial method are both viable options.
Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi is a low-power wireless communication standard that is used by smartphones, laptops, and other electronic devices. A router serves as a wireless communication hub in this system. Users can only connect to these networks if they are near a router. WiFi is widely used in networking applications because it allows for wireless portability. These networks must be password-protected for security reasons; otherwise, others will be able to access them.
Mobile Communication Systems
Generations have passed since the invention of mobile networks. Mobile phones allow a large number of people to communicate over a single frequency band. Wireless signals are used by cellular phones and cordless phones, for example. Cell phones, on the other hand, typically span a wider range of networks. Cordless phones, on the other hand, have a limited range. Some phones, like GPS devices, use signals from satellites to communicate.
Bluetooth Technology
The main purpose of Bluetooth technology is to allow you to connect several electrical devices to a system wirelessly for data transfer. Cell phones are linked to hands-free headphones, a mouse, and a wireless keyboard. The Bluetooth device is used to transfer data from one device to another. This technology is widely used in the wireless communication business and serves several uses.
Radar
Radar is a long-range electromagnetic sensor or detection system that can track, locate, detect, and identify a variety of things. This kind of detection works by sending electromagnetic radiation in the direction of things, which are referred to as targets, and then listening for the echoes. Targets include ships, astronomical bodies, aircraft, spacecraft, autos, insects, and other items.
Features of Wireless Communication
Because of its advantageous properties, the growth of wireless technology has resulted in several advances.
- The transmission distance can be as short as a few meters (for example, a television remote control) or as long as thousands of kilometers (for example, radio communication).
- Wireless communication can benefit cellular telephony, wireless internet access, wireless home networking, and other applications.
- Radio wireless technology is used in GPS devices, garage door openers, wireless computer mice, keyboards, and headsets, headphones, radio receivers, satellite television, broadcast television, and cordless telephones.
Advantages
Wireless communication is the transfer of data between two or more points without the use of a physical link. Wireless communication provides various advantages due to the lack of any “physical infrastructure.” This frequently entails shrinking distance or space.
Cost-effectiveness
For connected communication, the use of connecting wires is essential. Wireless communication does not involve a complicated physical infrastructure or regular maintenance. As a result, the price drops. A company that provides wireless communication services, for example, does not incur much overhead and hence may provide inexpensive customer rates.
Flexibility
People can communicate regardless of their location due to wireless communication. You don’t need to be in an office or a phone booth to send and receive messages. Miners in the outback can contact loved ones via satellite phones, enhancing their general well-being by keeping them in touch with those who matter most to them.
Convenience
Cellphones and other wireless communication technologies are generally simple to use and may thus be utilized by anyone, regardless of location. There is no need to physically connect anything to receive or deliver messages. Internet technologies like Wi-Fi, for example, provide wireless communications services. Because network connections are no longer a barrier, we can now connect with virtually anyone, anywhere, at any time.
Speed
Speed improvements can also be noted. Network connectivity and accessibility were considerably improved in terms of accuracy and speed. For example, a wireless remote can operate a system more quickly than a cable remote. Wireless control, unlike direct control, can easily stop a machine from working if something goes wrong.
Accessibility
Wireless technology improves accessibility by allowing remote locations where ground lines can’t be built properly to connect to the network. Remote communities, for example, now have access to online schooling. Educators are no longer obliged to deliver their lessons in remote regions.
Constant connectivity
People can also respond to crises more swiftly due to constant connectivity. A wireless mobile phone, for example, can provide you with continuous connectivity whether you travel or move from one location to another, whereas a wired landline cannot.
Disadvantages
When compared to a wired connection, wireless communication has some disadvantages.
Interference
In a wireless communication system, signals can be transmitted using open space as the medium. As a result, radio signals from one network could potentially interact with radio signals from other networks, such as Bluetooth and WLAN. When these technologies are operational and there is a risk of intrusion, they use the 2.4GHz band to communicate.
Safety
When signals are broadcasted in open space, there is a risk of disrupting the signals and copying important data, which is why security is a major concern in wireless communication systems.
Health Concerns
Radiation of any kind can be damaging to one’s health if they are exposed to it regularly. Although the specific spectrum of RF energy that can cause injury is unknown, it is recommended to avoid RF radiation as much as possible. Unauthorized individuals can easily intercept wireless signals as they travel through the air. It is critical to safeguard the wireless network so that unauthorized users cannot access the information.
